Metoclopramide Hydrochloride
CAS: 7232-21-5
Category: Pharmaceutical Intermediates
| Purity | Reagent Grade ≥95%, Standard Grade ≥98%, High-Purity Grade ≥99%, Pharmaceutical Grade ≥98.0–102.0% ( |
| Molecular Formula | C14H23Cl2N3O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 336.26 |
| Appearance | White to practically white crystalline powder |
| Packaging | 100 mg/glass vial, 250 mg/glass vial, 500 mg/glass vial, 1 g/glass vial, 5 g/glass vial, 25 g/HDPE bottle, 100 g/HDPE bottle, or 1 kg/aluminum foil bag |
| Testing Indicators | Appearance — Visual inspection (white to practically white crystalline powder); Melting point — Capillary method (171–173°C, anhydrous; 145–148°C with decomposition, eChemi specification; 182.2°C, predicted; Tm 455.30 K, literature); Purity — HPLC-UV (≥95–99.5%, C18 column, acetonitrile:buffer gradient, λ=270 nm); Related substances — HPLC (impurity profiling including des-chloro analogs, des-methoxy analogs, N-oxides, and other synthesis-related impurities; individual impurity ≤0.5%, total ≤1.0%); Assay — Titrimetric or HPLC (eChemi: 98.0–102.0% anhydrous basis; Yeasen: ≥98%; AbMole: ≥98%; InvivoChem: ≥98.0%; China-Sinoway: 99.5%); Loss on drying — Gravimetric (≤5.0% for monohydrate; Karl Fischer: 3.2%, eChemi); Residue on ignition — Gravimetric (≤0.1%; sulfated ash 0.05%, eChemi); Heavy metals — Colorimetric/ICP-MS (≤20 ppm; <10 ppm, eChemi); pH — Potentiometry (5% aqueous solution, pH 4.5–6.5, eChemi; 5.2); Identification — FTIR (characteristic peaks: N–H (amine/amide) ~3300–3500 cm⁻¹, O–H (phenol) ~3200–3600 cm⁻¹, aromatic C–H ~3000–3100 cm⁻¹, aliphatic C–H ~2850–2950 cm⁻¹, amide C=O ~1650–1680 cm⁻¹, aromatic C=C ~1600 cm⁻¹, C–O–C (methoxy) ~1100–1250 cm⁻¹, C–Cl ~800–900 cm⁻¹, C–N ~1300–1350 cm⁻¹); UV spectrophotometry (λmax ~270 nm, aromatic chromophore; A1%1cm 0.69 at 309 nm, WHO); ¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆: δ 1.10 ppm triplet CH₃ (diethyl), δ 2.60 ppm quartet CH₂ (diethyl), δ 2.80 ppm triplet CH₂ (side chain), δ 3.20 ppm triplet CH₂ (side chain), δ 3.80 ppm singlet OCH₃, δ 6.80–7.20 ppm multiplet aromatic protons, δ 8.50 ppm broad singlet NH₂ (aniline), δ 10.50 ppm broad singlet amide NH); ¹³C NMR (DMSO-d₆: δ 12 ppm CH₃, δ 45 ppm CH₂ (diethyl), δ 50 ppm CH₂ (side chain), δ 55 ppm OCH₃, δ 115–140 ppm aromatic carbons, δ 155 ppm C–NH₂, δ 165 ppm amide C=O); Mass spectrometry — ESI-MS (m/z 300 [metoclopramide+H]⁺, m/z 336 [M]⁺ for anhydrous); Water content — Karl Fischer titration (GB/T 6283/EP 2.5.12, ≤5.0% for monohydrate); pH — Potentiometry (5% solution, pH 4.5–6.5); Specific optical rotation — Not applicable (achiral compound); Residual solvents — GC-FID (MeOH ≤3000 ppm, acetone ≤5000 ppm, ICH Q3C); Microbial limits — TAMC ≤1000 CFU/g, TYMC ≤100 CFU/g (USP <61>). |
| Storage Notes | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area at 2–8°C. Protect from light, moisture, and air. Keep container tightly sealed. Store powder at -20°C for long-term stability (up to 3 years); at 4°C for 2 years. In solvent, store at -80°C for 6 months or at -20°C for 1 month. Light-sensitive and hygroscopic material; avoid prolonged exposure to light and humid conditions. The monohydrate form (CAS 54143-57-6) is the standard pharmaceutical grade and should be stored protected from moisture. Store away from strong oxidizing agents and incompatible substances. |
| Lead Time | 10 days |
Metoclopramide Hydrochloride (INN, also known as Maxolon, Reglan, Primperan, Cerucal, or AHR-3070-C) is a synthetic derivative of para-aminobenzoic acid and a potent dopamine D2 receptor antagonist and serotonin 5-HT4 receptor agonist. It functions as a prokinetic agent, antiemetic, and gastrokinetic agent by facilitating gastrointestinal motility and emptying while inhibiting the vomiting reflex. It exhibits selective D2 receptor antagonism (IC50 ~483 nM) and 5-HT3 receptor antagonism (IC50 ~308 nM). Used as a pharmaceutical intermediate and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) for the development and quality control of oral tablets, injectable solutions, and oral solutions. Approved for clinical use in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), diabetic gastroparesis, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and migraine-associated nausea. Also employed in analytical method development, forced degradation studies, and quality control applications. ATC code: A03FA01.