Caroverine
CAS: 23465-76-1
Category: Pharmaceutical Intermediates
| Purity | Reagent Grade ≥95%, Standard Grade ≥98%, High-Purity Grade ≥99% |
| Molecular Formula | C22H27N3O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 365.47 |
| Appearance | White to pale yellow crystalline powder or crystals |
| Packaging | 5 mg/glass vial, 10 mg/glass vial, 25 mg/glass vial, 100 mg/glass vial, 250 mg/glass vial, 1 g/glass vial, 5 g/glass vial, 25 g/HDPE bottle, or 1 kg/aluminum foil bag |
| Testing Indicators | Appearance — Visual inspection (white to pale yellow crystalline powder); Melting point — Capillary method (69°C, literature value); Purity — HPLC-UV (≥95–99%, supplier-dependent); Related substances — HPLC (impurity profiling); Loss on drying — Gravimetric (≤0.5%); Residue on ignition — Gravimetric (≤0.1%); Heavy metals — Colorimetric/ICP-MS (≤20 ppm); Identification — FTIR (characteristic peaks: C=O ~1670 cm⁻¹, C=N ~1580 cm⁻¹, C–O–C ~1250 cm⁻¹, aromatic C–H ~3000 cm⁻¹); ¹H NMR (CDCl₃: δ 1.00 ppm triplet N(CH₂CH₃)₂, δ 2.60 ppm quartet CH₂CH₃, δ 2.80 ppm triplet NCH₂CH₂N, δ 3.50 ppm singlet OCH₃, δ 3.80 ppm singlet ArCH₂, δ 6.80–7.80 ppm multiplet aromatic protons); Mass spectrometry — ESI-MS (m/z 366 [M+H]⁺); Water content — Karl Fischer titration (GB/T 6283/EP 2.5.12); pH — Potentiometry (aqueous suspension, weakly basic due to tertiary amine). |
| Storage Notes | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area below 25°C. Protect from light, moisture, and air. Keep container tightly sealed. Store powder at -20°C for long-term stability (up to 3 years); in solvent at -80°C for 1 year. Light-sensitive and hygroscopic material; avoid prolonged exposure to light and humid conditions. Store away from strong oxidizing agents and incompatible substances. |
| Lead Time | 10 days |
Caroverine is a quinoxaline derivative originally developed as a spasmolytic agent and now used as a pharmaceutical intermediate and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) candidate. It functions as a calcium channel blocker, NMDA/AMPA glutamate receptor antagonist, and antioxidant with vasorelaxant properties. Used in the research and development of treatments for tinnitus, inner ear disorders, functional gastrointestinal disorders (ATC code: A03AX11), smooth muscle spasms, and as a potential chemotherapeutic agent in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines. Also employed in analytical method development, pharmacological studies, and quality control (QC) applications.