Caroverine Hydrochloride
CAS: 55750-05-5
Category: Pharmaceutical Intermediates
| Purity | Reagent Grade ≥98%, Standard Grade ≥98.5%, High-Purity Grade ≥99%, Ultra-Pure Grade ≥99.5% |
| Molecular Formula | C22H28ClN3O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 401.93 |
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder or solid |
| Packaging | 5 mg/glass vial, 10 mg/glass vial, 25 mg/glass vial, 50 mg/glass vial, 100 mg/glass vial, 250 mg/glass vial, 1 g/glass vial, 5 g/glass vial, or 25 g/HDPE bottle |
| Testing Indicators | Appearance — Visual inspection (white to off-white crystalline powder); Purity — HPLC-UV (≥98–99.5%, C18 column, acetonitrile:buffer 30:70 pH 4.9, λ=225 nm, RT ~1.7 min); Related substances — HPLC (impurity profiling, forced degradation under acid/base/oxidative/thermal/photolytic conditions); Assay — RP-HPLC (linearity 2–150 µg/mL, R²>0.998, recovery 98.9–102.5%); Loss on drying — Gravimetric (≤0.5%); Residue on ignition — Gravimetric (≤0.1%); Heavy metals — Colorimetric/ICP-MS (≤20 ppm); Chloride content — Argentometric titration (theoretical: 8.82% w/w); Identification — FTIR (characteristic peaks: C=O ~1670 cm⁻¹, C=N ~1580 cm⁻¹, C–O–C ~1250 cm⁻¹, aromatic C–H ~3000 cm⁻¹, N–H ~3400 cm⁻¹, HCl salt broad band ~2500–3000 cm⁻¹); ¹H NMR (DMSO-d₆ or CDCl₃: δ 1.00 ppm triplet N(CH₂CH₃)₂, δ 2.60 ppm quartet CH₂CH₃, δ 2.80 ppm triplet NCH₂CH₂N, δ 3.50 ppm singlet OCH₃, δ 3.80 ppm singlet ArCH₂, δ 6.80–7.80 ppm multiplet aromatic protons, δ 10–12 ppm broad singlet NH⁺); Mass spectrometry — ESI-MS (m/z 366 [M+H–HCl]⁺, m/z 401/403 [M+H]⁺ for chloride isotopes); Water content — Karl Fischer titration (GB/T 6283/EP 2.5.12); pH — Potentiometry (aqueous suspension, acidic due to HCl salt); Specific optical rotation — Not applicable (achiral compound); Melting point — DSC or capillary method (decomposition before melting for HCl salt, free base mp ~69°C). |
| Storage Notes | Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area. Protect from light, moisture, and air. Keep container tightly sealed. Store powder at -20°C for long-term stability (up to 3 years); at 4°C for 2 years; in solvent at -80°C for 6 months or at -20°C for 1 month. Light-sensitive and hygroscopic material; avoid prolonged exposure to light and humid conditions. Store away from strong oxidizing agents and incompatible substances. Use inert atmosphere (nitrogen or argon) for long-term storage if available. |
| Lead Time | 10 days |
Caroverine hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of caroverine, a quinoxaline derivative and spasmolytic agent. It functions as a potent, competitive, and reversible antagonist of NMDA and AMPA glutamate receptors, a class B calcium channel blocker, an antiglutamatergic agent, and an antioxidant with vasorelaxant properties. Used as a pharmaceutical intermediate and active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) candidate for the research and development of treatments for inner ear tinnitus, functional gastrointestinal disorders (ATC code: A03AX11), smooth muscle spasms, noise-induced hearing loss, and as a potential neuroprotective agent. Also employed in analytical method development, pharmacological studies, forced degradation studies, and quality control (QC) applications for pharmaceutical bulk and tablet formulations.